International name (active substance): desloratadine
Clinical-pharmacological group: Allergology → Histamine H1 receptor blockers → Systemic action medications → Second-generation drugs
Manufacturing company: Ilko Ilac San. Ve Tic. A.S.
Manufacturing country: Turkey
Form of release: 5 mg tablet №20
Dispensing regime: Group III (over-the-counter))
Composition
Each tablet of Alcetin, coated with a film, contains 5 mg of the active ingredient desloratadine.
Excipients: Microcrystalline cellulose, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium starch glycolate, L-hydroxypropylcellulose, magnesium stearate, coating powder.
Pharmacological Properties
Alcetin is a long-acting antihistamine, a peripheral H1-histamine receptor blocker. Desloratadine is the active metabolite of loratadine. It prevents the development of allergic reactions and alleviates their course, exhibiting antipruritic and anti-exudative effects, reducing capillary permeability, preventing tissue swelling, and inhibiting smooth muscle spasms. It does not affect the central nervous system, does not have sedative properties (does not cause drowsiness), and does not affect psychomotor response speed. It does not cause QT interval prolongation on electrocardiograms.
Alcetin inhibits various processes in the body that underlie the development of allergic inflammatory reactions, including: the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (including interleukin-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13), secretion of pro-inflammatory chemokines, production of superoxide anions by activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils, eosinophil chemotaxis and adhesion, expression of adhesion molecules (P-selectin and others), and the immunoglobulin E-dependent release of histamine, prostaglandin D2, and leukotriene C4. Alcetin begins acting approximately 30 minutes after intake, and its effects last for at least 24 hours, providing long-lasting anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Desloratadine, when taken orally, is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It can be detected in plasma 30 minutes after intake, with the maximum concentration (Cmax) reached in 3 hours.
It binds to plasma proteins 83-87%. Food does not affect its distribution in the body. It does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It undergoes biotransformation through hydroxylation, forming a glucuronide-conjugated metabolite.
The drug is primarily excreted in the form of this glucuronide-conjugated metabolite, with a small amount excreted unchanged. Its half-life (T1/2) is approximately 27 hours (range: 20-30 hours).
Indications
- Seasonal or chronic (year-round) allergic rhinitis (relief or elimination of symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal discharge, itching of the nose and throat, redness and itching of the eyes).
- Chronic idiopathic urticaria (reduction or disappearance of itching and rash).
Dosage and Administration
Tablets should be taken orally, preferably at the same time each day, with a small amount of water, independent of meals.
- For adults and adolescents over 12 years: 5 mg once daily.
- For children aged 6-12 years: 2.5 mg once daily.
- For children aged 1-6 years: 1.25 mg once daily.
